Fluency and coherence
- Speaks fluently with only rare repetition or self correction; any hesitation is content-related rather than to find words or grammar
- Speaks coherently with fully appropriate features
- Develops topics fully and appropriately
Lexical resource
- Uses vocabulary with full flexibility and precision in all topics
- Uses idiomatic language naturally and accurately
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Uses a full range of structures naturally and appropriately
- Produces consistently accurate structures apart from 'slips' characteristic of native speaker speech.
Pronunciation
- Uses a full range of pronunciation features with precision and subtlety
- Sustains flexible use of features throughout
- Is effortless to understand
BAND 8
Fluency and coherence
- Speaks fluently with only occasional repetition or self-correction; hesitation is usually content related and only rarely to search for language
- Develops topics coherently and appropriately
Lexical resource
- Uses a wide vocabulary resource readily and flexibly to convey precise meaning
- Uses less common and idiomatic vocabulary skilfully, with occasional inaccuracies
- Uses paraphrase effectively
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Uses a wide range of structures flexibly
- Produces a majority of error-free sentences with only very occasional inappropriateness or basic/unsystematic errors
Pronunciation
- Uses a wide range of pronunciation features
- Sustains flexible use of features, with only occasional lapses
- Is easy to understand throughout; accent has minimal effect on intelligibility
BAND 7
Fluency and coherence
- May demonstrate language-related hesitation at times, or some repetition and/or self-correction
- Uses a range of connectives and discourse makers with some flexibility
Lexical resource
- Uses vocabulary resource flexibly to discuss a variety of topics
- Uses some less common and idiomatic vocabulary and shows some awareness of style and collocation, with some inappropriate choices
- Uses paraphrase effectively
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Uses a range of complex structures with some flexibility
- Frequently produces error-free sentences, though some grammatical mistakes persist
Pronunciation
- Shows all the positive features of band 6 and some, but not all, of the positive features of band 8
BAND 6
Fluency and coherence
- Is willing to speak at length, though may lose coherence at times due to occasional repetition, self-correction or hesitation
- Uses a range of connectives and discourse markers but not always appropriately
Lexical resources
- Has a wide enough vocabulary to discuss topics at length and make meaning clear in spite of inappropriateness
- Generally paraphrases successfully
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Uses a mix of simple and complex structures, but with limited flexibility
- May make frequent mistakes with complex structures, though these rarely cause comprehension problems
Pronunciation
- Uses a range of pronunciation features with mixed control
- Shows some effective use of features but this is not sustained
- Can generally be understood throughout, though mispronunciation of individual words or sounds reduces clarity at times
BAND 5
Fluency and coherence
- Usually maintains flow of speech but uses repetition, self-correction and/or slow speech to keep going
- May over-use certain connectives and discourse markers
- Produces simple speech fluently, but more complex communication causes fluency problems
Lexical resource
- Manages to talk about familiar and unfamiliar topics but uses vocabulary with limited flexibility
- Attempts to use paraphrase but with mixed success
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Produces basic sentence forms with reasonable accuracy
- Uses a limited range of more complex structures, but these usually contain errors and may cause some comprehension problems
Pronunciation
Shows all the positive features of band 4 and some, but not all, of the positive features of band 6
BAND 4
Fluency and coherence
- Cannot respond without noticeable pauses and may speak slowly, with frequent repetition and self-correction
- Links basic sentences but with repetitious use of simple connectives and some breakdowns in coherence
Lexical resources
- Is able to talk about familiar topics but can only convey basic meaning on unfamiliar topics and makes frequent errors in word choice
- Rarely attempts paraphrase
Grammatical range and accuracy
- Produces basic sentence forms and some correct simple sentences but subordinate structures are rare
- Errors are frequent and may lead to misunderstanding
Pronunciation
- Uses a limited range of pronunciation features
- Attempts to control features but lapses are frequent
- Mispronunciations are frequent and cause some difficulty for the listener
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