Express Teach - Learn English Online

IELTS Listening – Section 1

2012-01-26T02:01:00.000-08:00

Section 1 is the easiest part and contains 10 questions. All answers are said in order and the conversation is between 2 speakers. There is a pause, allowing you to read the questions and an example at the beginning. If you spell a word wrong it is considered incorrect. American and British spelling is accepted. Check the number of words you should use (usually not more than 3). For this section you should know:-

The letters of the alphabet: as people’s names, addresses, locations etc. are spelt for you. (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y, Z). Double means two times e.g. double p=pp

Days of the week: (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday). Weekdays are Monday to Friday while the weekend includes Saturday and Sunday.

Months of the year: (January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December).

Email addresses: @=at, .=dot e.g. info@expressteach.com

Titles: Mr (for men), Mrs (married women), Miss (unmarried woman), Ms (unspecified female status), Dr (either a medical doctor or a person with a PhD)

Condition of items: Poor, Good, Satisfactory, Excellent

Colours: Red, Yellow, Blue, Black, White, Purple, Green, Orange etc. Shades of colour: dark, light, sky blue

Methods of payment: Cash, credit card, cheque/check

Rates: daily, weekly, monthly

Occupation/Position=job e.g. engineer, architect

Numbers (telephone, age, dates, date of birth, time, percentage, post codes, reference numbers, room numbers, subscription fees etc.)

Telephone numbers: The numbers in a telephone number are said individually 9-6-8-7-3-6-8-2, double three=33, triple five=555 0=is 'oh' not zero.

Dates and Date of birth: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th, 15th, 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th, 20th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 31st (for days in a month).

When we talk about dates before 2000 we say the first 2 and last two numbers together e.g. 1984 is nineteen eighty four. After the year 2000 we can say the date as a number e.g. 2011 is two thousand and eleven.

Percentages or Discounts: 20% (twenty per cent) 50% (half price or fifty per cent)

Reference numbers and Post codes: Combine letters and numbers e.g. 5467F or GU8 9EW

Time: 11:15 (quarter past eleven), 11:30 (half past eleven), 11:45 (quarter to twelve). Write the time in full (twenty past three) if you can’t write it numerically. Morning is am e.g. 8am is eight in the morning while pm is in the afternoon/evening e.g. 8pm. Noon, midday=12pm.

The difference between ty and teen: numbers between 13 and 19 end in the sound teen, that’s why people who fall into this group are called teenagers. Numbers ending with 0 end in the sound ty.
13 (thirteen), 30 (thirty)
14 (fourteen), 40 (forty)
15 (fifteen), 50 (fifty)
16 (sixteen), 60 (sixty)
17 (seventeen), 70 (seventy)
18 (eighteen), 80 (eighty)
19 (nineteen), 90 (ninety)

Culture File - Chinese New Year

2012-01-25T07:40:00.000-08:00

Chinese New Year or Spring Festival is the longest and most important holiday in the Chinese calendar marking the end of the winter season. It lasts 15 days and ends with the Lantern Festival. During this time, houses are cleaned and windows and doors are decorated with paper-cuts and greetings. People buy presents, decorations, food, and clothing.

On New Year’s Eve, a reunion dinner is held in or near the home of the eldest family member. The feast includes meat dishes (pork, duck, chicken), fish, a hot pot and sweet delicacies followed by firecrackers - to drive away evil spirits. Ingredients that have similar sounding names with ‘good luck’ or ‘prosperity’ are used. The world’s largest annual migration takes place as migrant workers travel home.

Envelopes are given to family members during dinner which often contain money whilst gifts (fruit, sweets, other small gifts) are taken when visiting friends or relatives at their homes. Red (hóng in Mandarin) also means ‘prosperous’ and is the main colour used in New Year celebrations as it symbolizes virtue and truth.

New red clothing symbolizing a new beginning and having plenty to wear in the New Year is typically worn as it was once believed that it could scare away evil spirits and bad fortune.

Dragon and lion dances are also common as it is believed that the loud sound of the musical instruments together with the animal’s face can scare away evil spirits.

Pie Charts

2012-01-25T07:10:00.000-08:00

When explaining information presented in the form of a pie chart, it is a good idea to vary the expressions used.

about three quarters (74%)
almost a third (30%)
nearly three quarters (72%)
approximately a quarter (27%)
a little more than a half (53%)
a little less than a half (48%)

Expressteach in Istanbul

2011-12-26T23:26:00.000-08:00

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-12-20T11:45:00.000-08:00

The graphs below show the types of music albums purchased by people in Britain according to sex and age.

The bar charts provide information on the percentage of people who buy Pop, Rock and Classical Music in Britain according to gender and age group.

Males favour Pop Music more than females at around 20%. The age group that listens to this genre of music the most is the 25-34 year olds at approximately 35%, followed closely by the younger age group. The 35-44 age bracket buys this music slightly less with a percentage of 30. Pop Music is purchased the least by the over 45s at below 10%.

Turning to Rock Music, males again dominate with purchases at 30%. The 16 to 34 year olds buy approximately 30% of this product. Rock Music is not favoured by the oldest age group as their purchases are below 10%.

Although both males and females spend less than 10% on Classical Music, the men’s level is slightly higher. Very few young adults 16-24 buy Classical Music and the 35-44 year olds follow the same trend, below 5%. On the other hand the purchases of the 25-34 age group and the 45+ are considerably higher standing at between 15 and 20%.

In conclusion, males buy more music than females. The younger age groups focus on Pop and Rock Music whilst the elder generation favours Classical Music.
Question taken from IELTS Practice Tests Plus 1 p.69

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-12-20T11:22:00.001-08:00

The three pie charts show four fields where degrees have been granted at the National University in three different time periods.

In 1990, degrees were awarded in the field of Business and Computer Science in equal proportions (30%). A half of this amount was allocated to Law degrees (15%) whereas Medicine accounted for 25%.

Ten years later, most degrees were given to the Computer Science field at 40%. Likewise degrees in Medicine noted a 5% increase. Business and Law degrees were awarded less than in 1990 at 20% and 10% respectively.

In 2010, Computer Science remains the favourable choice amongst graduates with almost half of all degrees granted. Medicine reverts back to its 1990 status at 25% while Business and Law are at 15%.

Overall, over a 20 year period Computer Science degrees have the greatest proportion of granted degrees. Medicine fluctuates by 5% as does Law before returning to their initial figures. Finally, those graduates gaining Business degrees are halved.

Question taken from Barron's IELTS Practice Exams p.100

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-12-20T10:54:00.000-08:00

The diagram shows how energy is produced from coal.

The diagram shows the different stages required to produce clean energy from coal.

Initially, coal is placed on a conveyor belt and is placed in a furnace together with oxygen from another source. The mixture is burnt in a furnace and from this raw syngas is produced. Two substances are removed from the raw syngas; purified syngas and Mercury Sulphur. Other impurities like slag are also extracted from the furnace.

The purified syngas is used to drive a gas turbine as well as a generator and in this way produces electricity. Alternatively, the gas turbine produces hot exhaust gases which are taken to a heat recovery generator. The steam that is produced at this stage is used to power a steam turbine and with the help of a generator once again makes electricity.

To conclude, the electricity that is produced from coal undergoes a purification stage to clean the harmful substances and the energy is produced on site with the help of a gas or steam turbine.

Question taken from Improve your IELTS Writing Skills p.24

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-12-20T10:31:00.001-08:00

The maps below show changes that took place in Youngsville in New Zealand over a 25-year period from 1980 to 2005.

The maps show how the coastal town of Youngsville developed over a 25 year time span.

To begin with, in 1980 the area north of the river Alanah experienced a reduction in the green area around the lake. Two parking areas were added, one to the north of the lake and the other on the right. The houses along the coast were destroyed to make way for an extension to the railway line and a large stadium was constructed. The hospital remains in its initial position whilst more activities take place in the lake area. Finally, 2005 saw a marina being built to the right of the railway.

South of the river also experienced several changes. Once again the trees and woodland were cut down to make way for factories and warehouses. Similarly skyscrapers were erected in place of the housing that existed 25 years earlier. The airport, parking area and school remained untouched.
To sum up, in 1980 Youngsville appeared to be a residential area with a rural landscape and plenty of greenery while in 2005 it was transformed to an urban, industrial landscape.

Question taken from Improve your IELTS Writing Skills p. 39

Verbs starting with 'over'

2011-12-19T13:38:00.000-08:00

Verbs starting with ‘over’ can mean too much.

Overachieve – better than expected
Overact – act a role in an exaggerated way
Overactive – too active
Overambitious – having too much ambition
Overanxious – excessively anxious
Overbook – accept more bookings than there is room for
Overburden – give too much work to do
Overcautious – too cautious
Overcharge – charge too high a price
Overcompensate – take excessive measures to make amends for something
Overconfident – excessively confident
Overcook – cook for too long
Overcrowded – too many people
Overdevelop – develop too much
Overdo – to too much of an activity
Overdose – take too much of a dangerous drug
Overdraw – take too much money out of a bank account
Overdress – dress too formally
Overeager – excessively eager
Overeat – eat too much
Overemphasize – put too much emphasis on
Overenthusiasm – excessive enthusiasm
Overestimate – to think that something is more than it actually is
Overexcited – very excited
Overexert – make too great an effort
Overexpose – expose too much
Overfamiliar – too well known
Overfill – fill to excess
Overflow – too full
Overgrow – grow too large
Overhear – to unintentionally hear something someone says when they aren’t talking to you
Overheat – make or become too hot
Overindulge – have too much of something enjoyable
Overjoyed – extremely happy
Overkill – too much of something
Overload – load too heavily
Overlook – to ignore or not notice a problem
Overpay – pay too much
Overplay – over emphasize
Overpriced – too expensive
Overprotective – excessively protective
Overqualified – having too many qualifications
Overrate – rate more highly than is deserved
Overreact – react more strongly than is justified
Oversimplify – make something too simple so an inaccurate impression is given
Oversized – bigger than the usual size
Oversleep – to sleep longer than you should
Overspend – spend too much
Overstate – state too strongly
Overstay – stay longer than an allowed time
Overstep – go beyond a limit
Overstretch – make excessive demands on
Overtime – work more than the normal working hours
Overturn – to turn upside down or on the side
Overuse – use too much
Overweight – above normal weight
Overwork – work too much

Verb or Noun?

2011-12-19T12:51:00.000-08:00

Verb: impress, attract, act, decide, intend, produce, receive, permit, examine, invite, prepare, perform, amuse, agree, argue, discuss, advertise, instruct, introduce, describe, disappear, recommend, locate, accommodate, arrange

Noun: impression, attraction, action, decision, intention, production, reception, permission, examination, invitation, preparation, assistance, appearance, performance, amusement, agreement, argument, discussion, advertisement, instruction, introduction, description, amazement, disappearance, recommendation, location, accommodation, arrangement

Expressteach in the Philippines

2011-12-19T12:46:00.000-08:00

Make or Do?

2011-12-19T12:36:00.000-08:00

Make: an effort, a purchase, certain/sure, a complaint, a fuss, up one’s mind, sense, a suggestion, money/profit, a mess, a phone call, a noise, request, an appointment, decision, an excuse, a guess, progress

Do: business, one’s duty, good/evil, damage, one’s homework, work, right/wrong, one’s best, harm, somebody a favour, wonders

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 2)

2011-11-12T03:59:00.000-08:00

Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this.
Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Being a good member of society involves having a good character and being able to contribute positively to society. Such skills need to be learnt as they do not come with us when we are born. This can be taught in the home environment by parents or during school hours.

Parents are the first source of contact for children and ideally they should be good role models for their children. Considering that many children start going to school only after having spent several years at home, parents are their initial teachers. At this crucial young age, adults may teach their children manners, social skills, how to respect others and accept difference.

School is another influential environment for children. Teachers continue the work of a parent. As a classroom is a social setting, children get to learn how to be part of society on a larger scale there. Teachers are impartial and well-equipped to offer useful lessons to children whereas some parents may not have adequate training in this area. On the other hand, a school may have a limiting view of how a good society member should act and what principles are important.

As parents have a good idea of what kind of future citizens they would like their children to be and as what children learn at home stays with them for a lifetime, perhaps it would be better if they taught their children how to be good society members. School can play a facilitating role extending and building upon what has been learnt in the home environment.
Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p. 31

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 2)

2011-11-12T03:52:00.001-08:00

Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology.
In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make?
Has this become a positive or negative development?

We have many technological options available to communicate with each other. We can use mobile phones to make calls, send text messages and send photos of important moments to each other. Computers allow us to communicate by messaging each other through various popular applications such as MSN, Facebook and Skype.

Technology has made the world smaller, allowing us to contact people anywhere in the world for free and at a fast pace. Many people are able to find their partners through social networks and make new friends in this way. A computer has replaced a traditional match maker. Although some people, particularly those who are shy feel confident behind a computer screen, it is not always possible to have deep relationships with virtual people. In a virtual relationship a person can hide their true identity by posting fake photos and lie about all aspects of their life.

There are many negative aspects of communicating through technology. Sending text messages are a cowardly way of getting out of difficult situations such as breaking up with a boyfriend or girlfriend. In addition, open ways of communicating are lost to technology. Face-to-face communication with body language and facial expressions are lost as are a genuine sense of connecting.

Therefore, although technology has enabled friends and family to keep in touch over long distances it may not be ideal for new relationships. Virtual relationships lack human contact and interaction which are part of being close.
Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.54

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 2)

2011-11-12T03:43:00.000-08:00

Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
What other measures do you think might be effective?

Every metropolis has its own traffic congestion which in turn contributes to pollution. Carbon dioxide emissions from vehicles are on the rise and the world’s politicians have realised that this issue needs to be addressed if the planet is to have a future.

Increasing petrol prices may make drivers think twice about using their private cars. It might encourage people to opt for public transportation instead, prevent them from making unnecessary trips or even carpooling if several people are going in the same direction at the same time. However, I doubt whether petrol producing countries or multinational providers would be satisfied with this arrangement. Governments will also be reluctant to impose these measures as they are likely to be unpopular with consumers and they will feel the pressure from those with economic interests.

Instead, alternative transport methods may be promoted. In many European centres bicycles and walking are the preferred method of moving around. Car designers have also produced hybrid, electric and solar cars which do not depend on guzzling petrol. These could be sold at affordable prices with government subsidies to encourage travellers to purchase them. Alternatively, cities like London impose taxes on car users who drive to the centre during peak times and this somewhat reduces the load.

In conclusion, we all realise the dangers of exhaust fumes from vehicles and the harm it causes to the environment. Although increasing the price of petrol is a method that can reduce car use it might not be enforced due to economic pressure. Other measures such as improved public transport and environmentally friendly means might be a better option.
Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.79

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 2)

2011-11-12T03:29:00.000-08:00

In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.
What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them.

Obesity is a current problem especially in developed countries whose populations are increasingly overweight putting a strain on the health system. A lack of fitness also leads to health issues such as heart disease, cancer etc.

Our poor diet and busy lifestyle are the main causes of bad levels of health. There has been a shift from natural, home-cooked food towards fast-food, junk food and take-away options. These choices tend to have high levels of fat, sugar and are often dripped into oil which leads to weight gain. Additionally, a stressful daily routine does not allow time for eating well or exercising. Being fit and exercising improves a person’s level of health.

I believe an individual is responsible for their own lifestyle choices. A simple measure such as walking to work or climbing stairs in a building during office hours instead of using the elevator can add to a person’s physical well-being. Instead of eating out, an individual can make a healthy low fat sandwich to take to work. Not having time to look after our body is the easiest excuse for being lazy.

The government can help to a small extent by promoting health and fitness. It could for example provide more parks, bicycle lanes and free gyms. To encourage its citizens to eat fresh, local produce, it could limit imports of foreign food and heavily tax fast food restaurants.

To conclude, an overweight population is a present day phenomenon that should worry individuals as well as the government. To ensure good health people should take care of their diet and exercise more and the government could lend a hand in this respect.
Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.102

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-11-09T10:14:00.000-08:00

The pie chart below shows the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of the world during the 1990s.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The pie chart provides the main causes of global land degradation while the table gives a regional breakdown of this degradation during the 1990s.

The three main reasons why land used for agriculture is becoming less productive are over-grazing by livestock, deforestation and over-cultivation of crops. The percentages for these categories are almost on an equal footing with over-grazing at 35%, deforestation at 5% less and over-cultivation accounts for 28%. Other reasons are considerably lower at 7%.

Europe has the highest deforestation figure of 9.8% followed by Oceania with 1.7% and North America with 0.2%. Similarly, Europe has the greatest percentage in the over-cultivation category (7.7%) whilst in North America land degradation due to over-cultivation lies at 3.3%. No agricultural land is degraded by this method in Oceania. Finally, 11.3% of Oceania’s agricultural land is affected by over-grazing, about half of this amount in Europe (5.5%) and a considerably small amount in North America (1.5%).

To sum up, the main cause of worldwide land degradation is over-grazing. In terms of the greatest region where land degradation is most prominent, Europe comes first with 23%, followed by Oceania and lastly North America (13%).

Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.30

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-11-09T09:54:00.000-08:00

The pie charts provide a breakdown in annual spending over a 20 year period in a UK school.

In 1981 almost a half (40%) of the total school spending was on teachers’ salaries followed by other workers’ salaries (28%). 30% of spending went on resources and furniture and equipment in equal parts. The smallest amount spent was on insurance at 2%.

Ten years later there was a 10% increase in teachers’ salaries and a 6% drop in other workers’ salaries. A 10% fall in spending can be noted in furniture and equipment while 5% was added to resources. Finally insurance spending rose by 1%.

In 2001 teachers’ salaries were reduced by 5% to 45% and other workers’ salaries were cut further to 15%. Spending on resources also fell to 9%. Insurance and furniture and equipment had a considerable increase from 1991 reaching 8% and 23% respectively.

Over the 20 year period, teachers’ salaries make up a substantial part of total school spending and insurance was a category with increasing importance. Spending on resources went down as did other workers’ salaries whilst furniture and equipment accounted for a small rise in spending.

Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.53

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-11-09T09:35:00.000-08:00

The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between 1974 and 2002 by four different modes of transport.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The line graph shows how many tonnes of goods are transported over a 28 year period in the UK via road, water, rail and pipeline.

To begin with, in 1974 about 70 million tonnes are transported by road and this amount increased to almost 100 million over the next 28 years. Transportation by water stood at almost 40 million in 1974 and rose by approximately 22 million in 2002. Between 1982 and 1994 the amount was stable at 60 million.

On the other hand, although rail transportation was used to move 40 million tonnes of products in 1974, the same as water, this dropped to below 40 million between 1978 to 1998. In 2002 this means of transport was used at the same level as 1974. Finally, the use of pipeline was minimal in 1974, about 10 million and this figure more than doubled in 2002.

To sum up, road was used more than any other transport means throughout the period under review and pipeline the least. Road, water and pipeline noted increases while essentially rail use ended up the same as its initial usage.

Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.101

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-11-09T09:15:00.000-08:00

The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The first diagram shows how cement is produced whereas the second demonstrates how this cement is utilized to produce concrete for the construction industry.

Initially limestone and clay are passed through a crusher to produce powder. Once this powder has been through a mixer it goes to a rotating heater where heat is applied. The produce is placed on a conveyer belt and with the aid of a grinder, cement is produced. Finally, the cement is packed into bags.

In order to make cement, a mixture of four components is used in different proportions; cement (15%), water (10%), sand (25%) and gravel which makes up half of the ingredients. This mixture is put into a rotating concrete mixture and then applied to a building surface.

In conclusion, limestone and clay produce cement in a process that involves crushing, rotating and applying heat. When three more elements are added to the cement and stirred on site, concrete is produced for building purposes.

Question taken from IELTS 8 past papers p.78

General Training Model Answer (Task 2)

2011-10-27T10:39:00.001-07:00

Some people think that it is better to educate boys and girls in separate schools. Others, however, believe that boys and girls benefit more from attending mixed schools.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Most schools today are co-educational where boys and girls study and learn side by side. Single sex schools can still be found particularly if religion is an important part of the school’s instruction.

To begin with, those who favour single sex schools perhaps believe their children are receiving a higher level of education as there is no distraction from the opposite sex. Students are able to concentrate in class and receive better marks.

On the other hand co-educational schools are common today. This is a more realistic way of learning and it reflects conditions in the working world. When students enter the workplace they will find both sexes there and their experience in the classroom will make them accept and respect their work colleagues equally. In addition it is often thought that boys and girls have different strengths in the classroom. For example boys might prefer problem-solving or practical subjects whilst girls might enjoy reading and being creative. This means that a student’s strengths complement another’s weaknesses.

Education is not restricted to what is learnt in the classroom. Socially, students also need a balance and they need to be in the same environment as the opposite sex.

In my opinion, students benefit more in schools with a mixed environment as this provides a model of the real world. It also encourages each student to bring their own unique knowledge to classroom learning. Single sex schools may be regarded as being limiting and may create social problems later on in life.

Question taken from IELTS 8 Past Papers p.129

General Training Model Answer (Task 1)

2011-10-27T10:19:00.000-07:00

You recently bought a piece of equipment for your kitchen but it did not work. You phoned the shop but no action was taken.

Write a letter to the shop manager. In your letter
describe the problem with the equipment
explain what happened when you phoned the shop
say what you would like the manager to do

Dear Sir or Madam,

Last week I purchased a microwave oven from your shop. When I arrived home and tried to heat some food, I discovered that the door could not be opened. I attempted pressing the button several times once I had turned the appliance on but this action was unsuccessful.

As a result, I rang your Customer Service hotline to inform them of this defect. Even though your employee Stavros Mela assured me that a technician would come past and rectify the problem as he regarded it as being minor, nobody from your technical team arrived. I followed up on the initial phone call several times but no action was taken despite the promises made.

I would appreciate it if you could look into this with your Customer Service Department and adhere to your refund policy regarding faulty electrical items by sending me a cheque for the amount of the microwave oven.

Yours faithfully,

Mrs. Jamie Walsh

Question taken from IELTS 8 Past Papers p.129

General Training Model Answer (Task 2)

2011-10-27T09:58:00.000-07:00

Today more people are travelling than ever before.
Why is this the case?
What are the benefits of travelling for the traveller?

The world has come a long way since animals such as horses and donkeys were used for local transport and people walked from one area to another. Similarly, a trip abroad was achieved once in a life-time. Nowadays the skies are full of aeroplanes, the seas of ships, the land of cars and trains and the list of frequent flyers is endless.

The increase in travel can be attributed to the invention of modern means of transport such as high speed trains and planes. The links between countries, cities and towns have improved and travellers are now connected to destinations worldwide. What is more, by buying tickets on the internet and with so many special offers and packages, travel is now affordable to most people. In terms of business, it has become fashionable to meet representatives from other countries and to seal contracts by meeting people in their home environment.

There are multiple benefits for travellers going abroad. Firstly, they gain a better understanding of another culture, history, and heritage which broadens their horizons and makes them respect other people. It has made the world a smaller place where difference is accepted, encouraged and valued. Secondly, many travellers see this as an opportunity to relax and escape their work routine and daily life of time-tables. It is usually the experiences from travelling that people remember most.

The low cost of international travel, better connections and speed ensures that people have a wealth of opportunities available to them. Travelling for pleasure creates moments that stay with us forever.

Question taken from IELTS 8 Past Papers p. 116

General Training Model Answer (Task 1)

2011-10-27T09:46:00.000-07:00

You have recently moved to a different house.
Write a letter to an English-speaking friend. In your letter
Explain why you have moved
Describe the new house
Invite your friend to come and visit

Dear Alex,

How have you been? It’s been a while since I last wrote to you and this is because I have been busy moving house.

Do you remember that small house I used to live in? Well, the owner decided that he wanted to live in it with his wife as he’s started receiving his pension and cannot afford to pay rent on another house.

My new house which is located in the suburbs is much bigger. It has three spacious bedrooms, a cosy living room and a modern kitchen. Unlike the previous house, the main bedroom has a unsuite bathroom and there is an additional bathroom for guests painted in my favourite colour, purple. On sunny days I am able to sit in the garden and read the newspaper.

I would really love for you to come and stay with me. This time you won’t be sleeping on the couch but you’ll have a comfortable double bed of your own. Let’s arrange something for the summer.

Best wishes,

Sam

Question taken from IELTS 8 Past Papers p. 116

Traditional Wholesaler

2011-10-27T05:21:00.000-07:00

Traditional Wholesaler

2011-10-27T03:52:00.000-07:00

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-18T03:06:00.000-07:00

It is generally accepted that families are not as close as they used to be.
Give some reasons why this change has happened and suggest how families can be brought closer together.

In today’s world the idea of community and family is different to what it was in the past. Whereas previously family was considered the most important unit in society with families spending plenty of time together, this is not the case today.

Firstly, our value systems have changed, with society emphasizing money and wealth as a symbol of success. As a result, individuals focus on their work at the expense of family life and often move to other countries for this purpose becoming further distanced from them. Thus, modern society encourages selfishness and individual profit.

Secondly, as we cannot choose our family members there are often tensions, arguments and misunderstandings between them. In these cases friends become important and families drift apart. Family members may also become bitter when there is a divorce or a parent remarries which is an event that can be seen frequently today.

Even though some distance between families is ideal especially if they are demanding or overbearing, they may be brought together by spending some time together. This might be during celebrations, festivals or even sharing a meal once a month.

Each culture has its unique vision of family. Asians for example tend to have closer family ties and tend to be loyal to their family compared to Western societies. In the fast paced West, individuals are too busy making money to pay attention to their family and this trend is affecting the traditional family unit. In addition, no attempt is made to get close to the family resulting in everyone minding their own business.

Question taken from Past Papers IELTS 3 p.126

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-07T09:42:00.000-07:00

Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are 6 or 7 years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age?

In many countries, children are sent to kindergarten from a young age. School follows shortly after that so children become accustomed to a school environment earlier on. Some parents do not want to rush their children off to school but prefer to let them do what children enjoy most, play.

Those who support that children should stay at home until they are a little older perhaps believe that the home environment has much more to teach them than school. Some parents may also think that children can learn through play or that because they will learn everything eventually at school there is no need to pressurize them.

There are many advantages for children if they are sent to school when they are younger. Firstly, they learn how to be part of a group. Activities in the classroom and in the playground are centred on team work. This skill is useful in later life as being social is viewed positively. If children stayed at home until a later stage, they would not benefit from meeting other children their own age and making many new friends. Secondly, in terms of knowledge, children learn how to read and write and a host of other useful information. Perhaps they would only have access to this information through the TV at home.

In my opinion it is better for children to go to school young as they learn how to share, be part of a group, make life-long friends and become literate.

Question taken from IELTS 4 Past Papers p.129

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-07T08:16:00.000-07:00

In the past, many people had skills such as making their clothes and doing repairs to things in the house. In many countries nowadays, skills like these are disappearing.

Why do you think this change is happening? How far is this situation true in your country?

Our grandparents were much more resourceful than us. They did not live in a society where mass production was the norm so their skills were better than ours. They appreciated the few possessions they owned either making them by hand or repairing any broken items instead of throwing them away.

Today, society has changed dramatically. Almost all our products are made in China or other developing countries like Vietnam. Consumer products are made in factories at a very low cost and therefore are also sold at attractive prices. Why would someone learn how to make their own clothes when they can purchase a cheap T-shirt very easily? In addition, when anything breaks in the house, it is simple to replace it. Advances in technology means that consumers are keen to update their products yearly.

In Cyprus, young people specialize in the field they are interested in and spend their free time having fun. Traditional skills like making chairs are dying out, even in this small society with parents complaining that their children are disinterested in learning any type of useful skill. Many low priced commodities are imported from abroad and young people do not follow in their parent’s footsteps as they do not show an interest in trade and skilled labour.

In fact, having a skill is often looked down upon by Cypriots who spend their working lives in air-conditioned offices doing administrative work. It is very rare to find a young person repairing furniture, electrical items or sewing their own clothes. We live in a society of easy come, easy go.

Question taken from IELTS 4 Past Papers p.115

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-05T12:02:00.001-07:00

Some people believe that children are given too much free time. They feel that this time should be used to do more school work.

How do you think children should spend their free time?

It seems that the pressures of daily life, the fast pace and competition do not apply only to the adult world. Children are also subjected to a lot of pressure to perform well at school. They have more homework than ever before and struggle until late in the evening to complete it or to prepare for tests.

Those who think that children have too much free time, perhaps are referring to the long summer vacations and other holidays they have for religious and national events. On these occasions children are left for days on end with nothing to do. While some parents insist that children revise their school work, read or spend their time in the library to get a head start for the new school year, I do not think this is a good idea. Children need to relax their minds. If they are forced to do more school work they will not be psychologically ready for a whole year of more work and will just end up hating school as well as holidays.

Children need to spend their free time doing activities that they enjoy doing. This varies from child to child. Some might enjoy sports, socializing with their friends or even staying at home watching television or playing computer games. Of course many parents do not believe this is time spent constructively and would prefer their children do nothing else but study whilst children think the exact opposite.

Question taken from IELTS 5 Past Papers p.113

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-05T11:32:00.000-07:00

Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish.
Why do you think this is happening?

What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?

When walking or driving around any big city one can notice overflowing rubbish bins as well as litter in the streets and household waste in empty lots and fields. It is no surprise that we call our modern societies, consumer societies as a result of our overconsumption which has resulted from overproduction and greed.

Due to the fact that we are addicted to products and keep updating our goods, our rubbish also increases. Products come in attractive large packages that need to be disposed of when they are unwrapped. We even ask for plastic bags from a kiosk if we are only purchasing a packet of chewing gum. Manufacturers do not help the situation with the production of useless items. Consumers do not think about what happens to the rubbish they throw away and how long it will take for it to dissolve.

The government can impose certain restrictions on production, for example, all packaging should be biodegradable and kept to a minimum. Dustbins can be weighed during collection time and consumers whose rubbish exceeds a certain number of kilos should be fined heavily. Television campaigns informing consumers of the dangers to the planet because of unnecessary waste could be shown.

Unfortunately we have become wasteful and unappreciative. We are quick to throw something away instead of trying to fix it. It has now become difficult to get rid of household and industrial waste without harming the environment. Consumers, producers and the government should work together to face this irreversible problem.

Question taken from IELTS 5 Past Papers p.127

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-02T11:50:00.001-07:00

Some people think it would be a good idea for schools to teach every young person how to be a good parent.

Do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Describe the skills a person needs to be a good parent.

It is not easy being a parent and this responsibility and joy does not come with a manual. Parents usually learn through experience or following the same techniques their parents used on them. As parenting involves a relationship between an adult and a youngster most people will have different views on how to best treat their children or what makes a good parent.

Perhaps it would be a good idea to teach youngsters how to parent well. This will enable them to be well equipped to handle children when they eventually have their own. Parenting is a challenge and being prepared is helpful. It will also teach children how to respect their parents and what they do for them. Some others however might believe that there is no formula to being a good parent. They may prefer being spontaneous and doing things their way.

To be a good parent, a person needs to be patient and to understand that children will not always act how they wish in order to make their life trouble-free. Good organization and time management skills are needed to fit a child’s activities into a day. It is not always simple planning a routine for children but I think children should feel that they are following a time frame.

To sum up, schools might be able to provide students with useful information on parenting which is one of life’s greatest gifts and challenges. In order to ensure a peaceful balance at home, parents should have some organizational skills that may be acquired through training.

Question taken from IELTS 6 Past Papers p.113

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-01T12:52:00.000-07:00

Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children.
Do you agree or disagree?

Children use computers more than ever before these days. They can be found surfing the internet, playing on-line games and on social network sites. Sometimes, especially when there is no parental control, they can spend too much time daily on computers.

Children need to learn how to operate computers as this is essential in their later life. The earlier they begin and the more they use them, the better they will become at learning everything about how they function. Youngsters are better able to learn new information and this can be done through computers.

However there is the downside of overuse to consider. Children who use the pc daily become anti-social. They become addicted to games and prefer these to going out with their friends and playing outdoors. Being on a computer for too long can affect a child’s health. Staring at a screen has a bad impact on someone’s eyes and children might experience headaches, back pain, sore wrists etc. What is more, some children forget to eat while some eat too much junk food as they are distracted by what they see in front of them.

To sum up, although computers are extremely useful for children and they can learn many things by using them, I do not think they should use them every day. There should be some sort of balance in their lives. Children need to get out for some fresh air and exercise. They should have other interests and spend time with their friends as well.

Question taken from IELTS 6 Past Papers p.126

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-01T11:54:00.001-07:00

Some people feel that entertainers (e.g. film stars, pop musicians or sports stars) are paid too much money.

Do you agree or disagree?

Which other jobs should be highly paid?

While some people think that George Clooney, Lady Gaga and David Beckham are worth the millions of dollars they get paid for entertaining crowds, I strongly believe their income does not reflect the work they do. They pull in the crowds with their star quality and their talent but their salaries are excessive.

If we compare the amount of money that entertainers make and what other professions like teachers, doctors and social workers get, we will see a vast difference. These workers have so much to offer an individual and the community. Doctors save lives and give people hope while social workers ease a person’s emotional suffering. Teachers are underpaid in my opinion and this is unfair considering how hard they work and the knowledge they offer to an individual. Such a contribution cannot be stressed enough.

Even an unassuming job like a garbage collector is important for society and the hygiene of a city. These workers also need to get a higher salary. Their job involves waking up early, hard physical labour and dealing with the dirt and awful smell created by city inhabitants. The city is a much cleaner place to live in because of their hard work.

On the other hand, entertainers have little to offer people. Their contribution lasts a short time only. For example, if you go to a concert, listen to a CD or watch a music video you can escape into another world for a while but what would life be like without people to care about our health and provide us with knowledge? It is worth rewarding these professions more.

Question taken from IELTS 7 Past Papers p.128

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-09-01T10:54:00.000-07:00

Some people prefer to live in a house, while others feel there are more advantages to living in an apartment.

Are there more advantages than disadvantages of living in a house compared with living in an apartment?

The type of accommodation people choose to live in depends on many factors such as income, family size, what is available in a certain location, what makes them feel comfortable and homely etc. So, often people do not have a personal choice about where to live but must decide based on external factors.

Flats are attractive for single people who place importance on their career and do not spend much time at home. Perhaps they want a location in the city centre where all the facilities are and there is easy access to their workplace. If a young person is just starting out in life then they might not have the funds to purchase a house so paying rent is better for them. Some people also enjoy a communal lifestyle with many friendly neighbours in their block.

On the other hand, people who live in a house might have a larger family and so prefer spacious living quarters. They will find apartments crammed and claustrophobic especially if they have pets and enjoy having a garden. Even though houses are more expensive to buy and maintain, those with a house feel they have some place to call home. In addition, they may invite their guests over for parties without worrying about disturbing their neighbours.

In my opinion, living in an apartment is better than a house. With a housing shortage in many countries, a house is an unnecessary luxury. I do not believe that an individual and their family need such a large space to live in. Flats are practical living spaces for modern life.

Question taken from IELTS 7 Past Papers p.116

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T12:00:00.000-07:00

A friend recently invited you to a special party. You intended to go but at the last minute you were unable to attend.

Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
Apologise for not going to the party
Explain what prevented you from going
Suggest a way of making up for this

Dear Isabel,

I’m really sorry for not coming to your party. I know this was a special occasion for you to celebrate your graduation and I wanted to be there. I had every intention of coming but unfortunately while I was getting ready to come, I had a huge argument with my boyfriend.

I don’t want to get into the details of the argument but you know that my relationship has been shaky recently. We exchanged some nasty words and I was too upset to come after that. I locked myself in the bathroom and cried the whole night.

I feel sad that I let you down and I hope you will let me make it up to you. If you are free on Saturday night, I would like to take you out for dinner to that Mexican restaurant that you like. We can go clubbing after that.

Love,
Laura
Question taken from New Insights into IELTS Student's Book p.118

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T11:26:00.000-07:00

You recently stayed in a hotel in another city. When you got home you discovered that you had left something of value in the room.
Describe the item that you left behind and say where you left it
Ask the hotel to arrange to send it to you
Suggest a way to pay for the postage

Dear Sir or Madam,

I was a guest at your hotel from the 14th to the 18th of November, staying in room 812. When I returned home I discovered that I had forgotten my watch in the bathroom.

It’s an Omega watch with a brown leather strap. There are no numbers on the face of the watch but there is a personal inscription at the back. When I went to wash my face, I removed it and placed in on the sink. At that moment my mobile rang and I was distracted.

The watch is expensive and a gift from my husband so I would like you to send it to me by courier to the address provided at the top of the letter. This will ensure that I receive it early and safely. With respect to paying for the delivery, you may inform the courier company that I will pay cash on delivery.

Yours faithfully,
Gina Davis
Question taken from New Insights into IELTS Student's Book p.118

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T11:07:00.000-07:00

Two days ago you had a meal at a well-known restaurant. Unfortunately, you were ill after the meal.

Write a letter to the restaurant. In your letter
Describe what you ate
Say how you feel about the situation
Tell them what they can do about it

Dear Mr. Lui,

I have just returned from hospital where I spent four unpleasant days on the drip because of food poisoning I believe is the result of eating unfit food at your restaurant.

You may recall the engagement party that was held there last week and the lovely dishes on offer. I distinctly remember trying the fried silk worm cocoons for which your restaurant is famed. Immediately after eating a couple I began to feel ill and could eat nothing else.

Unfortunately this situation caused me great discomfort. I could not return to work and I also did not want to spoil such a wonderful occasion by telling other guests about my bad experience. Your restaurant is regarded as the best in the city and this incident could ruin your reputation.

I suggest you speak to your kitchen staff to find out why the food was likely to lead to food poisoning. I would also appreciate some assistance with paying the hospital bill.

Yours sincerely,

Dao Lee

Question taken from New Insights into IELTS Student's Book p.118

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T09:28:00.000-07:00

You are applying for a job and need a letter of reference from someone who knew you when you were at school.

Write a letter to one of your old teachers asking for a reference. In your letter
Say what job you have applied for
Explain why you want this job
Suggest what information the teacher should include

Dear Mrs. Lloyd,

You may remember me as an A-student in your IT class. I am writing to ask you for a reference letter which I need for a job I am applying for. I hope to be employed in the Data Processing Department of a large multinational market research company.

This job suits my academic qualification and offers many attractive perks. I believe that this experience in a highly demanding environment will prove beneficial in the long run. The Head Office of the company is located in my area so I will not waste any time travelling to work. The manager has informed me that I will be eligible for a promotion in a year if I meet all the requirements set out by the company. What is more, I am entitled to bonuses if I finish the tasks on time.

The reference letter will determine whether I obtain the position or not. I would appreciate it if you could include a character reference, a list of my class grades and an outline of what your course involved.

Yours sincerely,
Zafor Hasan

Question taken from New Insights into IELTS Student's Book p.112

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T08:56:00.000-07:00

Last week you went to a musical concert. You were very impressed with the performance.

Write a letter to a friend about the concert. In your letter
Say what the concert was and why you went
Describe the performance
Suggest why he/she should go to the concert

Dear Hanif,

You won’t believe who had a concert here last week! Ayub Bacchu the Rock star from Bangladesh. I had no idea that he was performing here. Tuhin surprised me by buying the tickets.

The stadium was full of fans singing along to his greatest hits. Ayub delivered an energetic concert with all the new tracks on his latest album. He also sang many of his old songs. Standing at centre stage with his electric guitar and his humble style made the audience wild. It was a truly great performance which lasted 3 hours. Even though he didn’t sing any songs in English and I couldn’t understand anything, the music and his talent kept me on the dance floor.

I know you appreciate rock music and you don’t miss any concerts that involve Bangladeshi artists so I think you should go to this remarkable one. I heard there are some shows next week. Due to popular demand Ayub has extended his stay here!

Love,
Sandy Wu
Question taken from New Insights into IELTS Workbook p.61

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T08:01:00.000-07:00

An English-speaking friend is coming to study at your college next year and has written asking for information and advice.

Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
Give advice about accommodation in the town
Describe the best thing about the college
Offer to show your friend around the college

Dear Hongmei,

I was so excited to find out that you are coming to study at Prince College next year. As I have been studying here for four years now, I will be happy to answer all your questions.

It is quite difficult to find accommodation in the town. You will have to stay with a host family and share the bathroom, kitchen and living room area. The average rent per week for this type of accommodation is Euro 100. This includes breakfast and dinner.

The college is fantastic. The teachers are enthusiastic and know their subject well. We have all the facilities a student needs such as a modern cafeteria, a big library, free internet, sports fields and student bars. The thing I enjoy most however is the diversity of students. The international students come from 100 different countries around the world. I have made so many friends already and my English has improved immensely.

As soon as you arrive I will arrange a day to show you around the college so you don’t feel lost. I can’t wait for you to get here. I’m sure this will be a great experience for you.

Love,

Sunyifei

Question taken from Objective Ielts Workbook p.45

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T07:43:00.000-07:00

You recently bought a large expensive item but when it was delivered to your home you found some problems with it.

Write a letter to the manager of the shop. In your letter
Give details of what you bought
Describe the problems with your item
Say what you want the shop to do

Dear Sir or Madam,

Last week I purchased a washing machine from your High Street branch which was delivered to my home and subsequently installed. The washing machine (model BS-251) has attractive features – low energy consumption, 15 kilo load, includes dryer function, special introductory price etc – which is why I chose it.

When I used the machine for the first time, it did not perform the rinse cycle. As a result when I opened the door to remove the clothes they were soaking wet. I also had to remove the excess water in the machine manually. In addition, even though I had a colour load one of my pink sweaters became purple.

I would like to keep the washing machine as I believe it will be useful once it functions well. Therefore, I would like you send one of your technicians to my home to fix the problem which I believe is technical.

Yours sincerely,

Carla Stanford

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials p.53

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T07:04:00.000-07:00

There have been some problems with public transport in your area recently.

Write a letter to the manager of the public transport company. In your letter
Describe the problems
Explain how these problems are affecting the public
Suggest what changes could be made

Dear Sir or Madam,

I regularly use Bus 150 to the city centre and whereas in the past travelers were satisfied with the services provided we are now experiencing some problems.

Firstly, for some reason the bus does not keep to schedule. Many of the commuters need to be at work by 8 o’clock and because the bus arrives at the station late we are also twenty minutes late. Our supervisors sent out a memo saying they would not tolerate any more excuses. Secondly, the newly appointed bus driver smokes while he is driving. When we informed him that this was against public transport policy he was rude to us and refused to put out his cigarette. Many of the elderly passengers were disturbed with his attitude.

I suspect the delay is due to the road works in Pavilion Street so I suggest you inform the driver to use Ringo Street instead. Please also speak to the bus driver about his anti-social behaviour and give him a copy of the public transport policy to read.

Yours faithfully,

Derek Young

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials p.50

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-28T06:05:00.000-07:00

You are unhappy about a plan to make your local airport bigger and increase the number of flights. You live near the airport.

Write a letter to your local newspaper. In your letter
Explain where you live
Describe the problem
Give reasons why you do not want this development

Dear Sir or Madam,

I read about the future plans of the local government to extend the airport in Queens to allow a greater number of flights. As I live less than 1km away from the airport, I was not happy when I found this out.

I have already experienced numerous problems in the past even when the airport was a smaller size. The airport was built after I had settled in the area so I had to double glaze all my windows to prevent the noise from coming through. This of course was expensive. Local residents suffer from breathing problems due to the pollution and we are unable to hang our clothes outside to dry as they become dirty. Our children are also unable to enjoy playing outside in the garden when the planes are flying low. All these problems will increase when the airport becomes bigger.

We have become accustomed to living in the area but I believe any further developments at the airport will have a negative impact on the way we live and therefore do not support it.

Yours faithfully,

Maria Gomez

Question taken from IELTS 3 Past Papers p.125

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-27T04:13:00.001-07:00

You are due to start a new job next week but you will not be able to because you have some problems.

Write a letter to your new employer. In your letter
Explain your situation
Describe your problem
Tell him/her when you think you can start

Dear Mrs. Parker,

As per our contract, I am due to begin working at your company on the 2nd of March. I regret to inform you that I will be unable to keep to this agreed date due to some unexpected personal issues.

My sister living in Vancouver is undergoing emergency surgery and as she is a single parent, I have been called over to tend to her four young children for the duration of her stay in hospital. The doctors have informed me, if all goes well she should be fully recovered in 2 weeks time.

Therefore, I would like to request an alteration of my starting date. I believe the 2nd of April is a realistic date to set if we take into account the travel and recovery time.

I do apologise for this unforeseen inconvenience and I hope we can agree to some sort of arrangement.

Yours sincerely,

Angelina Ford

Question taken from IELTS 3 Past Papers p.112

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-27T03:31:00.000-07:00

You want to sell some of your furniture. You think a friend of yours might like to buy it from you.

Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
Explain why you are selling
Describe the furniture
Suggest a date when your friend can come and see the furniture

Dear Max,

I finally decided to study architecture in Rome and I’m leaving at the end of this month. As I’ll be in Italy for four years it is pointless for me to keep renting my apartment in London. All the furniture belongs to me so I need to sell it before I depart. To be honest, I could do with some extra money to pay for my expenses as well.

We have similar taste in designer furniture so I thought you might have the first choice in selecting some items to purchase. In particular, I think you would appreciate the black leather sofa in my living room. It was designed and handmade in the 1950s so it really is priceless. Another piece I believe you will want to add to your collection is my grandmother’s 1930s wooden rocking chair with a comfortable red velvet cushion to go with it.

You are welcome to come by this Saturday when you are not working to view this furniture. Naturally I will give you the best offer I can.

Take care,

Karen
Question taken from IELTS 4 Past Papers p. 129

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-27T03:07:00.000-07:00

You were hurt in a minor accident inside a supermarket, and you wish to complain to the supermarket.

Write a letter to the manager of the supermarket. In your letter
Say who you are
Give details about the accident
Suggest how the supermarket could prevent similar accidents

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am a regular customer at your branch in Grey High Street. In fact, I have the highest bonus points in your super save scheme and I have received many generous offers from there.

Despite the excellent service I receive from the supermarket, last week I had a small accident near the fridge which stocks the dairy products. The staff responsible for stocking the fridge did not mop the floor after they had finished and there was a tiny pool of water which I failed to notice. As a result I slipped when I was reaching for some milk and bruised my leg slightly.

Kindly inform your employees to wipe the floor next to the refrigerators to prevent this accident from occurring again or place a sign informing customers that the floor is wet so that they are careful when walking in that area. Even though I did not hurt myself badly, another customer might be subjected to greater injury on another occasion.

Yours faithfully,

Patricia Hall

Question taken from IELTS 4 Past Papers p.115

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T14:19:00.000-07:00

You have a full-time job and are also doing a part-time evening course. You now find that you cannot continue the course.

Write a letter to the course tutor. In your letter
Describe the situation
Explain why you cannot continue at this time
Say what action you would like to take

Dear Mr. Hoff,

You may have noticed that I have been missing some of your evening classes recently. Even though I enjoy your lesson immensely I work full time at a law firm and as I sometimes work late or because of sheer exhaustion I often cannot attend.

The senior partner in the law firm informed me that I have a certain future there and that I should channel all my energy into work. As I am unable to dedicate the time to my studies I believe it is unwise for me to continue with this course in plumbing.

I would like to focus on my professional career at the moment, so I have decided to put my hobby on hold for the moment. When I have received the promotion I deserve and I have some free time for myself I would like to return to your class and continue where I left off with Drain Management.

Regards,

Jane Sink

Question taken from IELTS 5 Past papers p.127

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T14:14:00.000-07:00

Your neighbours have recently written to you to complain about the noise from your house/flat.

Write a letter to your neighbours. In your letter
Explain the reasons for the noise
Apologise
Describe what actions you will take

Dear neighbours,

I have received your collective letter of complaint about the noise coming from my flat and I would like to provide you with an explanation for this temporary upset.

As you are aware my father-in-law is staying with us for a few days. He has a severe problem with snoring and due to his old age he sleeps many hours throughout the day. As the walls in our block are not sound proof, Mr. Russel in Flat 101 is subjected to this irritating noise coming from the bedroom where my father-in-law is staying. I am truly sorry for this disturbance.

My father-in-law is being admitted to hospital in two days time for an operation to stop the snoring. Following the operation, he will return to his own home. I can assure you that the silence will return to our peaceful block soon.

Your kind consideration in this matter will be appreciated.

Regards,

Rita Kipling

Question taken from IELTS 5 Past Papers p.113

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T13:51:00.000-07:00

You have just moved into a new home and are planning to hold a party. You are worried that the noise may disturb your neighbour.

Write a letter to your neighbour. In your letter
Introduce yourself
Describe your plans for the party
Invite your neighbour to come

Dear Mr. Yoshi,

We haven’t been formally introduced but I am your neighbour, the one living directly opposite you in Flat 982. I moved in last week but due to the fact that you are at work all day I wasn’t able to meet you.

I’m planning to have a party this Saturday in order for my friends to view my new flat. I expect there will be some noise as all the guests are in their early 20s and we are inviting a well-known DJ to play the music. We are heavily into rock music so I anticipate some energetic singing, jumping and head banging. There will also be food and alcoholic drinks for everyone.

Our other neighbours informed me that you are young and never miss out on a party. So I would love to have you join us. All the apartment block has been invited and this will be a great opportunity for us to bond and get to know each other.

I hope to see you on Saturday,

Your neighbour,

Thorn Maiden

Question taken from IELTS 6 Past Papers p.126

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T13:32:00.000-07:00

You and your family are living in rented accommodation in an English-speaking country. You are not satisfied with the condition of some of the furniture.

Write a letter to the landlord. In your letter
Introduce yourself
Explain what is wrong with the furniture
Say what action you would like the landlord to take

Dear Mr. Patel,

I am one of the tenants renting fully-furnished accommodation in Sunset House in Civil Street; flat 225 to be exact. I moved here six months ago and unfortunately the furniture in the apartment is extremely dangerous.

Firstly, the bed is uneven and this causes my wife to roll onto the floor while she is sleeping. As you can imagine this is quite disturbing and could lead to some serious injury. Then, the kitchen table collapsed as we were enjoying our Sunday lunch spilling all the dishes with our delicious food onto the floor. Our guests were shocked and we had to order take away. The incident last week, however, when the lampshade in the living room caught fire made this matter pressing.

We would appreciate it if you could replace these faulty items which are causing distress in our household. A simple bed, kitchen table and hazard free lamp would be useful.

Awaiting your response,

Yours faithfully,

Mr. Costas Georgiou

Question taken from IELTS 6 Past Papers p.113

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T13:05:00.000-07:00

Last month you had a holiday overseas where you stayed with some friends. They have just sent you some photos of your holiday.

Write a letter to your friend. In your letter
Thank them for the photos and for the holiday
Explain why you didn’t write earlier
Invite them to come and stay with you

Dear Sarah and Craig,

I have just received the envelope with our holiday photos. I really enjoyed looking at them and in particular the ones of us in central London. I couldn’t have wished for a better break. Thank you for your hospitality and taking the time to show me around the main attractions of the city.

I realize that I should have been in contact with you earlier but I was so busy on my return. I went straight into work from the airport to deal with a crisis there. Unfortunately the fact that I was also moving house the same week didn’t help. Things have finally settled down so I decided to drop you a line.

I can’t wait for you to visit me in Beijing. You’ll be amazed by all our wonderful sights and culture. My new house is located in the old part of the city and I’d love to welcome you there. I have a spare bedroom with antique furniture which I’m sure you’ll appreciate.

Please let me know when you can come and I’ll make all the arrangements.

Love,

Lee

Question taken from IELTS 7 Past Papers p.128

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-08-26T11:05:00.000-07:00

You have recently started work in a new company.

Write a letter to an English-speaking friend. In your letter

Explain why you changed jobs
Describe your new job
Tell him/her your other news

Dear Emma,

Do you remember the last time we spoke and I told you that I had been invited for a second interview at Creative Solutions? Well, they were really impressed with my portfolio so they hired me. The package was too good to refuse. I will be getting double the salary, plus commission. The working hours are also better than my previous job. What is more, the two hour journey to my previous job was really draining so it’s great that I can now walk to the office.

As I’ve been given the title of Creative Director, it is my responsibility to come up with new concepts for our clients’ advertising campaigns. I have a team of five members to manage and the accounts of large clients. I will be in charge from the initial idea all the way through to the final product.

I have also moved in with David! His apartment is much better than the place I was renting and I was allowed to take my cat with me. I’ve also lost 2 kilos as David cooks healthy meals daily and after dinner we walk around the neighbourhood for an hour.

I’m waiting to hear your news.

Love,

Rachel

Question taken from IELTS 7 Practice Tests p.116

Expressteach in London

2011-08-07T03:41:00.000-07:00

IELTS Reading

2011-07-23T12:37:00.000-07:00

For "True/False/Not Given" and "Yes/No/Not Given" questions there are certain words that may change the meaning of a statement so you need to look out for these.

Can, may, must, could, would be, should be
All, both, not many, few, plenty, several, some, a large number, in some cases, in general
More than, less than, slightly more, relatively high, the same, the lowest
About, approximately, marginally, considerably, partially, dramatically, completely, highly, vastly, fully, evenly, clearly
Before, since, already, immediately, always
Prefer to, as well as, more than one way, more likely, are common
Possible, planned to, certain, little doubt, largely ignored, more important, only, tends to, limited, biased

IELTS Reading

2011-07-23T12:25:00.000-07:00

When you have questions which ask you to identify which paragraph in the reading passage contains the information in a statement, many statements begin like this

An example of…
A list of…
Ongoing research…
A brief summary of…
Reasons why…
A description of…
Details of…
The number of…
A reference to…
An explanation of…
The importance of…
A belief that…
Various methods of…
The possible effects of…
The limitations of…
Predictions/Speculations regarding/concerning….
A suggestion for…
The possible application of…
A comparison of the ways…
The general aim…
The way in which…
Insights into…
The ease with which…

Idioms - Thanks

2011-05-31T03:54:00.000-07:00

Thanking

God bless you
I’m much obliged to you
Many thanks
Thank goodness
You shouldn’t have
Thanks for having me

Acknowledging thanks

You’re welcome!
It’s a pleasure!
Any time!
Don’t mention it!
Forget it!
It was nothing
It’s all right!
Not at all!
That’s all right!
Think nothing of it!
It’s what we are here for!
It’s all part of the service.

Informal letters - General Training IELTS

2011-05-30T04:07:00.000-07:00

When writing an informal letter:

Use informal vocabulary
Use short forms (I’m, He’s, She isn’t etc)

Opening/closing

Opening: Dear (name) → Closing: All the best,/Love,/Best wishes,

Starting your letter
Thank you for your letter. It was great hearing from you.
Sorry I haven’t written for so long.
I’m writing to tell you about…

Ending your letter
Give my love to your parents/family.
I can’t wait to see you.
Write back and tell me all your news.
That’s all my news for now.

Making suggestions
Why don’t you/we…?
I think…
How about…? / Let’s…

Asking for information
I’d like some more information about…
I’d love it if…
I’d appreciate it if…

Giving advice
I’m sure you could…
You should…
Why don’t you…?

Formal letters - General Training IELTS

2011-05-30T03:35:00.000-07:00

When writing a formal letter:

Use formal vocabulary
Use long forms (I am, He is, She is not, They are not etc)

Opening/Closing
Opening: Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms (name) →Closing: Yours sincerely,

Opening: Dear Sir/Madam, → Closing: Yours faithfully,

Starting your letter
I am writing in connection with/regarding…
I am interested in…

Ending your letter
I hope you will be able to…
I would appreciate/be grateful if you could…
I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Making suggestions
In my opinion…
I think…
You/We should…

Asking for information
I would like further information about…
I would also like to ask if/whether…
Could you please inform me…
I would appreciate it/be grateful if…
Is it possible for you…

Giving advice
If I were you, I would…
You should…
It would be a good idea to…
I am certain that you could…

General Training Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-05-28T01:48:00.000-07:00

Many people say that cooking and eating at home is better for the individual and the family than eating out in restaurants or canteens.

Do you agree or disagree?

Following our change in lifestyle, people are faced with many choices when it comes to eating. Some prefer to eat home-cooked meals while others who are pushed for time might eat out in restaurants, canteens or fast food outlets.

Eating at home has many benefits for a person and their family. Firstly, the food is freshly prepared with ingredients that are known to the person who is cooking thus providing a healthy alternative to eating out. Secondly, in terms of cost, it is much cheaper to purchase products from the market and prepare meals at home. Most importantly, eating is a social function. It gives a family a chance to spend time together in comfortable surroundings and catch up on what is happening in each member’s life. An individual is also able to relax from their busy schedule and enjoy their meal.

It is not always practical to cook at home or sometimes a family might choose to go out for a meal as a form of entertainment. Restaurants and canteens are a good alternative in this case. A family gets to relax as they do not have to waste time preparing a meal, setting the table and cleaning up afterwards. They also have an opportunity to socialize with others in a public area and see new faces. There are many eateries that provide healthy food opinions, so eating out doesn’t necessarily mean an unhealthy choice.

If cooking and eating a meal is a creative activity that involves all members of a family and is a time for relaxation and bonding, I believe it is a good idea to spend time in the kitchen. On the other hand, eating at a restaurant or canteen with the family is just as beneficial.

Question from Official IELTS Practice Materials p.51

Common spelling errors in Ielts (Writing)

2011-05-21T02:53:00.000-07:00

accommodation, advertisement, always, benefit, beginning, business, commercial, country, different, environment, government, necessary, nowadays, occurred, passenger, restaurant, teacher, their (belonging to them), thought, too (as well), which

"to conclude" (synomyms)

2011-05-20T07:13:00.000-07:00

to come to an end, to complete, to draw to a close, to finish, to round off, to wind up, to infer, to sum up, to determine, to settle, to work out.

Expressteach in Harbin, China

2011-05-20T03:36:00.000-07:00

An outdoor fruit and vegetable market

2011-05-20T03:03:00.000-07:00

Model Answer - IELTS (Task 1)

2011-05-20T02:32:00.000-07:00

The charts below show the number of Japanese tourists travelling abroad between 1985 and 1995 and Australia's share of the Japanese tourist market.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The bar chart shows how many Japanese visitors travelled abroad in a ten year period (between 1985 until 1995) while the line graph illustrates how many of these tourists visited Australia.

Between 1985 and 1990 the number of Japanese tourists going abroad increased from about 5 million to 11 million. This figure continued to rise until 1995 where it stood at 15 million except for 1991 which noted a slight drop to just above 10 million.

Generally there was an upward trend in Japanese tourists visiting Australia from 2% in 1985 to triple this amount ten years later. The peak travel years were 1989 at around 5% and 1994 at just above 6%.

To sum up, the Japanese demonstrated a preference for travelling aboard in the mid 80’s and early 90’s as shown by the rising figures. In addition, Australia was a favourite destination with the percentage of visits on the increase.

Question from Official IELTS Practice Materials p.29

Calligraphy

2011-05-20T02:11:00.001-07:00

Phrasal Verbs “make”

2011-05-20T01:54:00.000-07:00

Make something up = to say or write something that isn’t true. e.g. He made up a story that his dog ate his homework.
Make up something = to form the whole of something. e.g. A large percentage of our body is made up of water.
Make up = to forgive someone and become friendly again. e.g. We made up after our huge argument.
Make-up = something you put on your face. e.g. She wears make-up to work every day.
Make up for something = to replace something that has been lost. e.g. We are making up for lost time by spending our weekends together.
Make it up to somebody = do something good for somebody. e.g. I’m taking her out to dinner to make up for my bad behavior.
Make away with something = to steal something. e.g. The bank robbers made away with $50.000.
Make for something = go in a particular direction. e.g. When the fire broke out, the staff made for the emergency exit.
Make of something/somebody = to express an opinion. e.g. What do you make of Craig?
Make out something/somebody = to have a hard time seeing/hearing something/somebody. e.g. I couldn’t make out what they were saying from where I was standing.
Make out something = to falsely claim something. e.g. They made out that they didn’t have any money but they moved into an expensive flat.
Make-over = when an expert changes someone's appearance. e.g. I didn’t recognize him after his make-over.

Street Food - China

2011-05-20T01:05:00.000-07:00

Chinese cuisine

2011-05-20T00:35:00.000-07:00

Idioms "do"

2011-05-19T23:52:00.000-07:00

Do me a favour = Please do something for me e.g. Do me a favour. Buy some bread on your way home.
Did you ever! = expressing surprise, amazement etc. e.g. Well did you ever! Lady Gaga is having a concert here!
Don’t do anything I wouldn’t do! = Be good e.g. Bye Sarah. Don’t do anything I wouldn’t do!
Easy does it! = Do it slowly and carefully. e.g. Easy it does it! There are glasses in that box.
How are you doing? = How are you?
How do you do it? = How is that done? e.g. How do you do it? Five children and a full-time job!
I could do with… = I need. e.g. I could do with a holiday as I’ve been working so hard lately.
Sure do! = Yes please. e.g. Do you want some cake? Sure do!
That does it! = I can’t bear any more, I’m going to take action e.g. That does it! They have been partying non-stop. I’m calling the police.
Well done! = expressing praise and congratulations e.g. Well done! You got an A.
What do you do? = What’s your job?
You do that = Yes, do it e.g. Shall I ring Daniel? You do that.

The elderly exercising in China

2011-05-12T07:15:00.000-07:00

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 1)

2011-05-10T01:33:00.000-07:00

The graph below shows the number of complaints made about noise to Environmental Health authorities in the city of Newtown between 1980 and 1996.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The Environmental Health authorities in Newton received a number of complaints in relation to domestic, factory, traffic and road work noise over a sixteen year period.

To begin with, just over 600 complaints were received in 1980 relating to the noise from road works. Complaints from this category fell sharply to less than 100 in 1996. Protests over domestic/household noise were steady from 1980 to 1984 at approximately 500 and between 1986 and 1990 at 400. There was a dramatic upward trend over a 6 year period ending at 1200 complaints in 1996 which represents the highest figure. Factories accounted for 400 complaints in 1980 with the figure increasing by about 200 over the sixteen year period. Finally, the fewest complaints were made about traffic noise in 1980. 300 complaints were recorded during the first four years and 200 between 1986 and 1988. Following a rise in traffic noise complaints, the 1996 figure stood at 600.

Overall, the numbers of complaints received for domestic/household, factory and traffic noise were on the rise whilst noise from road works noted a drop. In 1996, domestic/household noise was complained about the most and road works the least.

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials (2009) p.35

IELTS Reading - Synomyms

2011-05-10T01:24:00.000-07:00

Advantage, benefit, upside, plus, pros
Disadvantage, downside, drawback, stumbling block, problem, handicap, cons
Aim, purpose, goal, objective
Consequence, outcome, effect
Difficulty, problem, obstacle
Difference, discrepancy
Risk, hazard
Analysis, explanation, interpretation
Characteristic, feature, trait
Shows, describes, details, explains, provides, sets out
Condemn, disapprove, censure, criticize
Think, believe, perceive, conceive

IELTS Task 1 - Describing a process

2011-04-27T06:48:00.000-07:00

The diagram below shows the process of using water to produce electricity.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The illustration demonstrates how sea water is transformed into hydro-electric power to supply our energy needs.

Initially the sun’s rays heat the surface of the sea causing the water to evaporate into clouds which then results in rain. A man-made dam stores this rainwater in a reservoir. With the aid of a valve, the reservoir water completes a cycle as it is channeled through a turbine and pump. In this way, water is re-cycled and the pressure from its circulation produces energy.

The turbine is connected to high voltage cables and once the water energizes the turbine this goes to a transformer station. The station is responsible for distributing the electric power to hospitals, schools, factories and houses via underground cables. This forms the final stage of the process.

To conclude, natural resources (water, sun, rain) in combination with man-made aids (turbine, cables, power station etc) supply us with clean energy using a relatively simple procedure.

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials (2009) p.32

Idioms with "word"

2011-04-26T05:30:00.000-07:00

Could I have a word? = May I speak to you in private? e.g. Could I have a word? It’s about Peter.

In other words = clarify something that has just been said. e.g. There are conference, meeting and banqueting rooms, in other words, the hotel has many facilities.

Mark my words = take note of what I’m saying. e.g. Mark my words, he’ll come back for revenge. He doesn't give up that easily.

My word! = an expression showing surprise, annoyance. e.g. My word! What a mess!

Not a word = Don’t say anything. e.g. I can hear them coming. Not a word or you will ruin the surprise.

Words fail me = to show surprise, shock, happiness, anger e.g. I won the lottery. I can’t believe it. Words fail me.

One more word out of you = punishment will follow if there isn’t silence e.g. One more word out of you and you’ll be sent to your room.

You can take my word for it = believe me e.g. Take my word for it, she’s an excellent teacher.

Synomyms (modern)

2011-04-26T05:06:00.000-07:00

Contemporary, current, latest, new, novel, present day, state-of-the-art, up-to-date

Phrasal Verbs with "write"

2011-04-26T03:47:00.000-07:00

Write something down = to write something so that you don’t forget it. e.g. Please write down your email address.

Write in = to write a letter to an organization. e.g. The students wrote in with their questions.

Write something or somebody in = to add a scene or character to a book, play or film. e.g. They wrote in that part just to hire the superstar.

Write something off = to accept that money will never be re-paid. e.g. Our government is writing off the debt.

Write something off = when a damaged vehicle can’t be repaired. e.g. Following the accident the Honda has been written off.

Write out = to write information on a document such as a cheque or prescription. e.g. He wrote out a cheque for the money he owed us.

Write up = to complete something usually using notes. e.g. Finally she wrote up that report.

The passive voice

2011-04-13T00:07:00.001-07:00

The passive voice is used to show what happens to something.

We use the passive: When what is being done is more important than who does it or we don’t know who is doing the action.
To describe a process.
In formal writing .

Form: Verb be + past participle

Present simple →The lemons are picked by workers.
Present continuous →The lemons are being picked by workers.
Past simple → The lemons were picked by workers.
Past continuous →The lemons were being picked by workers.
Present perfect →The lemons have been picked by workers.
Past perfect →The lemons had been picked by workers.
Going to →The lemons are going to be picked by workers.

Infinitive →The lemons are to be picked by workers.
-ing form →The lemons are being picked by workers.
Used to →The lemons used to be picked by workers.
Modals →The lemons should be picked by workers.
Need to / have to →The lemons need to / have to be picked by workers.
Need +ing →The lemons need picking by workers.

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-04-06T08:18:00.000-07:00

Many old buildings are protected by law because they are part of a nation’s history. However, some people think old buildings should be knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices.

How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress?

Many modern cities such as Prague, Venice and Budapest are memorable because of their historical architecture. Contemporary buildings are often placed amongst ancient ones to accommodate the increasing populations in cities. It is difficult to imagine a visit to a city, for example New York, which does not include a tour to the Flat Iron or Empire State building.

There is no doubt that old buildings add to the character, culture and history of a country and as such should be maintained. Old buildings have a life of their own and an interesting story to tell. Any architect will tell you that old buildings indicate the style of architecture of a certain period and provide information of how people used to live in the past. In order to add to a nation’s cultural heritage, these landmarks need to be maintained with the appropriate funding and restoration work in order to ensure they are safe.

Those who wish to replace these historical buildings with high rises for business and accommodation purposes promote progress and practicality. They do not appreciate history, art and architecture. I believe there are other creative solutions that do not involve demolishing historical buildings in favour of impersonal skyscrapers. Business parks and accommodation villages could be build in suburbs for example.

Well preserved old buildings are the pride and joy of a nation. They become an instant tourist attraction and appear on postcards thus promoting the cultural heritage of a country. Even though there is a great demand for housing and office blocks, alternative solutions need to be found.

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials (2009) p.33

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-04-06T04:50:00.000-07:00

Television is dangerous because it destroys family life and any sense of community; instead of visiting people or talking with our family we just watch television.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

Due to the fact that television is no longer considered a luxury it has become part of our daily life and can be found in almost all households. Despite the many advantages it provides in the form of endless hours of entertainment, a vast variety of programme choices and the educational possibilities it offers, I strongly agree that television is destructive to family and community life.

Television has changed the way people communicate with each other. Before the invention of television, a family would spend more time together discussing the events of the day and attempting to solve any problems that existed. Family meals were also enriched by conversation whereas today, TV encourages a solitary existence. It is a passive use of time and does not encourage individuals to talk to each other as all their attention is focused on the screen. In some cases, if someone is disturbed when they are watching their favourite show, they tend to get irritable leading to an argument.

Television has also had an impact on community life. People no longer visit others as frequently as they used to. In the past individuals spent their time with their friends and relatives playing interactive games and activities such as playing cards, singing and storytelling. Life in front of a box is lonely and discourages any form of community life. People are trapped in their homes and their inner lives, glued to the television.

In conclusion, the danger of television lies in its ability to fool people into believing they are not required to make an effort to socialise. Communicating, interacting and visiting others is part of being social and as human beings are social animals, this aspect of our personality is becoming extinct by watching television.

Question taken from Official IELTS Practice Materials (2009) p.36

Traditional Maltese Figolla for Easter

2011-04-06T01:02:00.000-07:00

IELTS Task 1 - Describing a process

2011-03-29T02:40:00.000-07:00

The illustrations show how chocolate is produced. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features.

The process demonstrates how chocolate is made from the initial stage of plucking ripe red pods off the cocoa trees located in South America, Africa and Indonesia to the final stage of producing liquid chocolate.

Initially white cocoa beans are extracted from the harvested pods when they are ripe. Following fermentation, they are spread out in the sun and left to dry. Once the dry beans have been placed in sacks they are ready to be transported to a factory by train or lorry.

In the factory, the beans are roasted at high temperatures. They are then crushed in a rotating machine once their outer shell has been removed. Finally, liquid chocolate is produced by pressing the inner part of the bean with the help of large rollers.

To sum up, there are ten main steps involved in the production of chocolate and the transformation of a ripe cocoa pod into an edible form.

Question from Objective Ielts, Students Book p.19

Intensity of adverbs and adjective

2011-03-01T00:16:00.000-08:00

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-27T04:09:00.000-08:00

Some people think it is very important to get a university education. Others feel we should encourage more young people to take up a trade such as plumbing, painting or building to ensure a good balance of skills in our society.

Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

University has become a popular destination for high school leavers. With many opportunities for further education, fewer young people are resorting to traditional trades in the construction and service sector. As a result, the job market has a shortage of skilled labour and favouritism is shown towards graduates with a university degree.

Those who support that a university education is vital, might believe that this type of learning enables a student to have a theoretical perspective in a field of study, broadens horizons and increases the chance of finding an attractive position which is not physically demanding. On the other hand, skilled labour is important for society. All buildings require regular maintenance and although the demand for this type of work is extremely high, the supply of these types of workers is limited. This often means that a country has to import labour from elsewhere to cover its shortage.

In an ideal world there would be a good balance of skills and people would be able to find reliable handymen whenever they needed them. However, I feel that each individual should pursue the path that is closest to their heart whether this leads to university or technical training. Naturally, if someone is inclined towards taking up a trade they should be encouraged to do so.

To conclude, although having equal amounts of workers in each profession would ensure a balance of skills in society, in my opinion, this would be difficult to achieve. Even though programmes exist to encourage young people to be involved in trade related jobs, each individual has their own ambitions and career path they wish to follow.

Question from p.99 New Insights into IELTS - Workbook

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-25T02:40:00.000-08:00

The number of overweight children in developed countries is increasing. Some people think this is due to problems such as the growing number of fast food outlets. Others believe that parents are to blame for not looking after their children’s health.

To what extent do you agree with these views?

In developed countries much more food is available now than ever before. Apart from home-made food many alternative options are available. There are fast food outlets on every corner and restaurants, bakeries, supermarkets can be found in every street making it easy to purchase processed food on a 24 hour basis. It is no wonder that children are tempted to eat continuously leading to the overweight trend we witness today.

In my opinion, parents are to blame to a great extent for not encouraging their children to follow a healthy lifestyle. Parents should take the time to prepare nutritious home-cooked meals for their children and let them participate in the selection of natural ingredients as well as in the preparation of food. In doing so, children will lean to enjoy cooking and not be tempted to eat commercial, industrialized, harmful food. As we know, children follow trends set by their parents and if they feel meals are a shared, family activity then they will stay at home more.

Of course fast food outlets litter the streets and attract children with their games, quickly prepared meals, advertising and special offers that children cannot resist. These outlets are also attractive because the food is cheap, tasty and in fashion. Due to the nature of the food and the way in which it is cooked it does contribute to obesity and health related issues.

To sum up, although fast food outlets are numerous and appealing for children, I firmly believe that parents should be responsible for taking care of what their children eat. If parents are not concerned about their children’s diet, their children will not worry about it either.

Question from p.105 Action Plan for Ielts

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-24T09:48:00.000-08:00

Larger proportions of people live and work in other countries today than at any time in the past. It is probable that in the future there will be no borders and people will be able to move freely between countries.

To what extent do you agree with this opinion?

There is no doubt that improved transportation links and ease of movement between countries has meant that more people are choosing to immigrate or work abroad. Workers often opt for a life in another country because the working and living conditions are better there. This shift has been eased by agreements between trading partners and companies who wish to hire specialized staff. The internet is another example of how borders have been erased and where people can perform any type of activity in cyber space.

I do not believe that borders will be erased in the future, even though at present they are blurred. Each country has its own rules and regulations governing the movement of people. Borders have been erected to establish the outline of a country and its people. Governments need to control the flow of moment between countries as this affects the labour market, demand and supply and the economic growth of a country.

On the contrary, I believe the government will make it more difficult for people to cross borders. Many countries have imposed quotas on the number of foreign workers allowed into the country. They also stamp their passport with future departure dates depending on when their contracts are due to end. A sudden massive movement of people will drain a country’s resources and some areas cannot financially support a large amount of people.

To sum up, although restrictions have been lifted for living and working in other countries today, and this trend offers many advantages to countries with labour shortages as well as to workers, for practical reasons and population control I believe that borders will continue to exist in the future.

Question from p. 135 Intermediate Objective IELTS Student’s book

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T06:03:00.001-08:00

With the increase in use of the Internet, books will soon become unnecessary.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

To a large extent the internet has affected our reading patterns. Many people subscribe to on-line newspapers and magazines and it is now possible to download books to a portable e-book device. The future of books does seem gloomy considering that the sale of electronic books has increased rapidly in recent years and people prefer to spend their time on-line rather than reading a book.

Readers are able to access a wide variety of free resources on the internet. Research papers can be downloaded in the form of a pdf file in seconds and keywords can help locate passages without having to read through a whole book. As well as providing information, the internet offers an endless amount of entertainment in the form of games, movies, music and social networking. That is why many prefer this media to books which are time consuming.

Despite the advantages that reading electronically offers, I do not think the paper format of books will disappear completely. Traditional books have been around for thousands of years and have sentimental value for some readers who are not willing to make the switch to another format. Reading a book is often regarded as a passive activity and is not to everybody’s taste.

Even though the internet now fulfils the role of books and offers additional features like in-built dictionaries, free book samples and flexible search options, in my view there will also be a demand for books and bookshops. How would commuters pass the time waiting for their transport means if they could not walk into a store and browse the latest paperback?

Question from p. 108 Intermediate Objective IELTS Student’s book

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T05:18:00.000-08:00

People today spend far more time watching sport than actually doing any themselves. What are the factors influencing this change?

Watching sports nowadays is straightforward. There are stadiums, courts, ice rinks, fields, swimming pools etc. located within easy reach and at an affordable price. For those unable to attend matches and competitions, access to events is available from a variety of media (television, internet, radio etc) which reports live or has feature programmes.

Watching sport has become a popular leisure activity and a weekend outing. It also provides an excuse for people to go to sports bars with their friends to see events being broadcast live. Similarly, people believe that watching sport is fun and can produce an adrenaline rush without actually participating in the event. So I would say that availability, affordability and social trends have contributed towards the popularity of being a spectator. Marketing and advertising also play a role. A large amount of time and effort goes into promoting sports with channels reporting events on a 24 hour basis. Advertising companies see this as an opportunity to sell their products with the help of sporting heroes.

On the other hand, there has been a decline in participating in sports. This might be due to our busy lifestyle. Our hectic schedule prevents us from taking part in sports which require training, practice and participation in frequent sporting challenges. As we become older and our responsibilities increase, our priorities change and we move away from being fit and well exercised.

All in all, although it is healthy to be involved in some type of sporting activity, many people adopt a inactive lifestyle and can be seen enjoying sports from afar.

Question from p. 82 Intermediate Objective IELTS Student’s book

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T04:14:00.000-08:00

Working hours are too long and people are not spending as much time as they should with their families or on leisure activities.

What is your opinion on this?

Due to factors like the economic crisis, changes in the labour market and a consumer society, workers are staying at work beyond the prescribed eight hours per day. Working such long hours, of course means that free time spent at home with their families or on leisure activities is reduced.

Firstly, it is necessary and rewarding for people to be engaged in paid employment. The head of a household should provide for the needs of the family and in doing so feels worthy, has self-esteem and confidence. But I do believe that people work more than they should at the cost of spending time with their families and enjoying their free time on a hobby.

Employed people should relax and energize themselves in order to be more productive at work. Likewise, spending time with family members should be a priority as it strengthens bonds and produces healthy, balanced adults. Everyone also needs to have a hobby which relaxes them and takes their minds off their daily, tiring routine. Leisure activities are part of an individual’s social life and it helps them meet new people and network outside their work environment.

In conclusion, laws that maintain an eight hour working day and allow for compulsory holiday periods should be kept. Although people need to work in a fast paced, competitive society which values money and wealth above other aspects of life, families should spend time at home and on their hobbies. Without having something positive to look forward to such as quality family time, workers become exhausted and unmotivated.

Question from p. 44 Intermediate Objective IELTS Student’s book

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T02:40:00.001-08:00

To get a good job today, it is more important for children to study mathematics and foreign languages than art and music.

To what extent to you agree or disagree with this opinion?

The job market has become highly competitive today. In order to get a good job with a high salary, attractive working environment and conditions it is necessary to have the appropriate qualifications, experience and character depending on the field.

Due to globalization, the ease with which people work abroad, the need to communicate for conducting business and the lowering of barriers to trade such as the formation of the European Union, studying a foreign language has become a necessity rather than a leisure activity. Those who are fluent in languages such as English, Spanish, and Chinese have a competitive advantage over other candidates. Similarly mathematics is a core subject and very useful in everyday life. We perform simple calculations in all types of activities like shopping, budgets etc.

On the other hand, art and music are equally important as they support creativity and expression which are a requirement for good health. Even though these are creative subjects, in modern society they are highly valued and it is possible to find a good job in this sector. Let us not forget the large sums made by those in the music business and what lengths art dealers go to in order to secure priceless works of art.

Even though parents are concerned with the future of their children, I believe they should study the subjects that they enjoy and are good at. In that way they will find work that expresses them and they will be successful in their chosen field.

Question from p.47 Intermediate Objective IELTS workbook

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T01:32:00.000-08:00

Governments spend millions of dollars each year on their space programmes. Most recently, Mars is the focus of scientists’ attention. Some people think this money would be better spent on dealing with problems closer to home.

Do you agree or disagree?

Humans have been interested in discovering space and other planets for life sources for many years. This keen curiosity for the unknown has been coupled with the now pressing issue of the destruction of our planet and alternative places for us to live. As a result, governments and in particular the USA and Russia are quick to spend vast amounts of money yearly on space exploration.

There is a great deal of prestige associated with new discoveries and space missions. Take for example the space race to reach the moon and NASA’s recent findings on Mars which were broadcast worldwide. So in a bid to gain popularity, governments are competing with each other instead of combining their resources together and in this way reducing costs in training astronauts, paying engineers, accounting for failed missions, etc.

On the other hand, there are pressing problems to consider on our own planet. These have to do with social problems such as unemployment, poverty and hunger as well as environmental issues like global warming. Naturally, in order for these to be solved, governments are required to spend millions of dollars. In my opinion, immediate solutions are required for current problems rather than squandering large amounts on future programmes.

To conclude, our solar system is vast and exciting. Space programmes are necessary for a better understand of our life on earth as well the entire universe. However, our daily life on earth is clouded by severe and irreversible problems that require funding and effort to be solved. Rather than wasting the money on individual competitive space schemes, governments can collaborate to reduce costs.

Question from p.79 Grammar for IELTS

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T01:17:00.001-08:00

School children are becoming far too dependent on computers. This is having an alarming effect on reading and writing skills. Teachers need to avoid using computers in the classrooms at all costs and go back to teaching basic study skills.

Do you agree or disagree?

School children learn how to use computers from a very young age due to the technological advances in a modern classroom and because they are required to be computer literate in their adult life. As a result of the increased use of computers in the classroom some people are worried by the negative effect that this may have on their reading and writing skills.

Being dependent on a computer for writing often means that a student will become lazy with respect to spelling. As computers are equipped with a spell check programme, a child often will not know how to spell a word. They will also get used to writing words in a short form for example ‘u’ instead of ‘you’ which they will carry over to their pen and paper writing. In terms of reading, audio books are now available so children listen to passages being read instead of actively reading them and engaging in the written words.

Reading and writing are basic literacy skills that need to be mastered at a young age. In my opinion, traditional methods of teaching these skills for example through dictation, essay writing and creative reading should be used in the early years of education. Once these have been firmly grasped then technology can be introduced.

To sum up, although recent technology has considerably improved standards of education, it has nevertheless had a negative impact on our ability to think. Due to the importance of having strong reading and writing skills, I believe these should be taught initially without the aid of technology and computers should be introduced to the classroom at a later stage.

Question from p.215 Grammar for IELTS

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-23T00:43:00.000-08:00

Children can be adversely affected by the influence of television. To what extent do you agree with this statement?

A television can be found in almost all households these days. Screens are also available in public places like airports, waiting rooms, shops etc and individuals can watch programmes from their computers, portable televisions and mobile phones. So there is no doubt that television can influence children who are glued to the box for many hours a day.

If what children are watching is not appropriate this can be harmful for them. Inappropriate programmes include those that contain violence and bad language. Children are at an age where they imitate what they see around them, including what they watch on television. However, I believe that television will influence those who have already exhibited violent behaviour the most. We cannot ignore other bad effects of television on young people such as anti-social behaviour and eye problems.

On the other hand, there are plenty of educational programmes that are useful for training youngsters and these should not be ignored. Through television, children can learn a foreign language, science, history, geography and a host of other subjects. Furthermore, restricting the type of shows watched and the amount of time spent in front of the television will limit the negative influences of television on children.

All in all, although studies have being carried out to show the relationship between television and the negative effects on children particularly regarding violence, I do believe that television could be put to good use. There are plenty of valuable lessons to be learnt from this media and with parental guidance and support, children can benefit from this technology.

Question from p.112 Grammar for IELTS

Model Answer – IELTS (Task 2)

2011-02-11T05:27:00.001-08:00

The birth rate in most developed countries is predicted to begin to fall over the next 50 years. By 2030 it is estimated that over one third of the population in most developed countries will be aged 65 and over.

What effects will these predictions have on developed countries if they prove true? What can be done now to deal with this situation?

With the birth rate expected to fall and an increase in the number of senior citizens, this is likely to result in economic and social problems in developed countries. Although there is no way of changing these figures for a more balanced society, the government may take some precautionary measures to lessen the impact this prediction might cause.

To begin with, if most of the population is over 65, the output of a country will be reduced. At this age people usually retire and do not contribute positively to the income or growth of a country. To face labour shortages, some governments have chosen to increase the age of retirement so that people continue to work well past a reasonable retirement age.

What is more, the social needs of the elderly differ to those of other members of society. At a later stage in life individuals require care, medical treatment and social interaction with others. The government will have to restructure the way that it spends its budget, allocating more money to pensions, hospitals, old age homes, libraries and other services aimed at the elderly.

To sum up, an ageing population is a worrying trend. Young people will not be able to drive the economy with energy and new ideas while the elderly cannot work to their full capacity. Socially, senior citizens look forward to a period when they can relax and enjoy their leisure time after so many years of working and this will be denied to them. The government will be required to plan ahead in terms of passing appropriate laws, budget cuts and allocations to ensure economic growth and benefit to those in need.

Question from Grammar for IELTS (p.54)

How to make a general statement (Writing)

2011-02-10T05:38:00.000-08:00

If you do not know the exact information or figures to support an argument when you are writing an essay, you may use the following:

Generally speaking…
On the whole…
In a majority/a large number of cases…
It appears/seems that…
It is often said that…
There is a tendency for…
It has been suggested/claimed that…
It is generally believed/agreed/recognized/assumed that…
It is widely believed/accepted/assumed that…

Describing a person’s character/personality (Vocabulary)

2011-02-10T01:05:00.000-08:00

There any many adjectives that can be used to describe a person’s character. A description of a person's personality can be positive or negative.

Aggressive (ready to attack or confront)
Ambitious (having a strong desire and determination to succeed)
Confident (feeling sure about yourself)
Down to earth, easy going (approachable and relaxed)
Extrovert, sociable, friendly (outgoing and expressive) – Opposite Introvert, unsociable
Generous (ready to give more of something than is necessary or expected)
Honest (truthful and sincere) - Opposite Dishonest
Intelligent, smart, clever (quick to understand, learn and apply ideas)
Jealous (envying someone or their achievements and advantages)
Naïve (lack of experience, wisdom or judgment)
Nosy (wants to know about other people’s affairs)
Open (communicative and frank)
Optimistic, positive (hopeful and confident about the future) - Opposite Pessimistic, negative
Pigheaded, stubborn (determined not to change one’s attitude or position)
Polite (respectful and considerate of others) - Opposite Rude
Reliable (able to be trusted) - Opposite Unreliable
Sensitive (delicate appreciation of others’ feelings)
Talented (being good at something)
Trustworthy (able to be relied on as honest or truthful)

Structure of reading passages

2011-02-09T05:35:00.000-08:00

Reading passages can be organized in various ways. Understanding how a text is structured will help you move around it easier. Signal words are also helpful as they link ideas together, show a change of ideas, a continuation of the same thoughts etc.

1) A chronological account of an event (e.g. the history of computers) is arranged in time order.

Signal words: Firstly, in the beginning, secondly, thirdly, at last, finally
before, during, at that time, while, since, meanwhile, after, later

2) Problem/solution reading passages (e.g. traffic in a city) present a problem and how it can be solved.

Signal words: situation, difficulty, trouble, crisis, dilemma, issue, problem, controversy, debate

3) A passage on similar/different ideas (e.g. domestic and wild animals) points out a main idea about two things that are similar or different, then provides details about this.

Signal words for similarity: also, in the same way, as, like, in common, similarly
Signal words for difference: although, however, but, yet, instead, unlike, different from, in contrast, contrary, on the other hand

4) A list of similar ideas that have supporting arguments (e.g. measures to reduce unemployment).

Signal words: a few, several, numerous, many, a variety of, for example, for instance, first, second, last, in addition, besides

5) Cause/effect shows how one event causes another one (e.g. the results of global warming)

Signal words: creates, causes, makes, leads to, produces, gives rise to, contributes to, results in/from, brings about, is due to, follows, comes from, is a consequence of

Speaking (expressing opinions)

2011-02-09T04:52:00.000-08:00

There are many ways to introduce your point of view.

In my opinion…
In my view…
I think/believe (that)…

From my point of view…

To my mind…
As far as I am concerned…
I suppose/imagine (that)…
If you ask me…
It seems to me (that)…

Writing (What are you asked to do?)

2011-02-09T04:41:00.000-08:00

Account for – give reasons for or explain why something happens
Analyze – examine in detail, identifying important points and features
Assess –decide about the value, quality, amount or importance of something
Comment on – identify the main issues giving your reactions based on what you have read
Comparative analysis – an item by item comparison of two or more sets of data, processes, products, etc
Critically evaluate – weigh the arguments for and against something, assessing the strengths on both sides
Demonstrate – make it clear or establish by arguments or reasoning
Describe – give the main characteristics of something, or outline the main events
Evaluate – look at the topic in detail and if appropriate, evaluate it critically.
Explain – make it clear why something is the way it is or why something happens

Adverbs meaning totally/completely

2011-02-09T04:38:00.000-08:00

We were wide awake at 5am when the airplane landed.
They left the window wide open, no wonder they had their money stolen.
They were fast asleep by 9pm. It was an exhausting day.
My driving test was dead easy and I passed it the first time.
When the group started singing, everyone was dead quiet.
She can’t go on holiday as she’s flat broke. She spent all her money shopping.